THE COST OF utility bills for Massachusetts residents has triggered widespread outrage — and it’s causing a scramble on Beacon Hill.

A new survey from the Massachusetts Chambers Policy Network, a coalition of 10 regional chambers of commerce, found that energy affordability is now the top household concern in the state, beating out health care, housing, groceries, and transportation.

As prices spike yet again this winter, state officials are trying to thread the needle between lowering costs, generating more supply to meet rising demand, and meeting ambitious targets to cut greenhouse gas emissions.

This week on the Codcast, CommonWealth Beacon reporter Jordan Wolman speaks with Kyle Murray, director of state program implementation in Massachusetts for the environmental nonprofit Acadia Center, and Dan Dolan, president of the New England Power Generators Association, about those tradeoffs and why the costs of electricity and gas are so expensive in the Bay State in the first place.

Gov. Maura Healey has said she wants to pursue an “all of the above” strategy to produce more energy and introduced temporary relief for the months of February and March.

“All of the above is critical,” Dolan said. “But we have to mean it.”

Lawmakers, meanwhile, are weighing a legislative package that aims to grow energy supply but also includes a contentious $1 billion cut to the state’s energy efficiency program known as Mass Save.

Those tensions are likely to continue to ripple as Massachusetts churns through delays in the clean energy transition, caused in part by President Trump’s attempts to stymie new offshore wind projects, and costly improvements needed to fix the state’s aging electric and gas infrastructure.

On the podcast, the guests break down how we got in a situation with nation-leading energy costs (1:35), dive into whether Gov. Maura Healey is taking the right approach (16:50), and what a large cut to Mass Save could mean for efforts to lower utility bills (25:56).